Introduction to basic Electrical Engineering Lab

Name of the Experiment : Introduction to basic Electrical Engineering Lab.

Objective : This Experiment is to understand power supply(Voltage Source) and know about load, vatical, measurement of fundamental electrical lab. 

Name of the Components: 

1. Voltage Source

• Direct current (30V, 5A) or DC.

• Alternating current (0-400V,5A) or AC.

2. Loads

• Resistive load.

• Inductive load.

• Capacity load.

3. Measuring equipment.

• About the multimeter.

• About voltmeter.

• About the ammeter.

• About oscilloscopes (Digital storage 100MHz).

• About an oscilloscope (Analog 20MHz).

4. Basic of protection equipments

• Circuit breaker

• Circuit protector fuse

• Swich

• Function generator.

5. Basic of Function generator.

• (Frequence: 3 MHz)

Description of components: 

1. Voltage source:- Voltage is the main part AC(Alternative Current), we can get from AC to DC. It is the main thing. A voltage source is a two-terminal device which can maintain a fixed voltage. An ideal voltage source can maintain the fixed voltage independent of the load resistance or the output current. However, a real-world voltage source cannot supply unlimited current. A voltage source is the dual of a current source. It’s 

• . Variable DC voltage source.

(0-30V, 5A) and (0-240V,5A)

Direct current (DC) is electrical current which flows consistently in one direction.

Fig:DC voltage source symbol.

• Variable AC voltage source 

(0-400V) (0-415V, 5A)

AC stands for “Alternating Current,” meaning voltage or current that changes polarity or direction, respectively, over time.

Fig:AC voltage source symbol.

2.Loads

An electrical load is an electrical component or portion of a circuit that consumes electric power, such as electrical appliances and lights inside the home. The term may also refer to the power consumed by a circuit. This is opposed to a power source, such as a battery or generator, which produces power.

1. Resister:

A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit. Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device such as a transistor.

Inductor : An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it. An inductor typically consists of an insulated wire wound into a coil.

Fig:inductor

Capacitor : The capacitor is a component which has the ability or “capacity” to store energy in the form of an electrical charge producing a potential difference (Static Voltage) across its plates, much like a small rechargeable battery.

Fig:capacitor 

` 3. Measurement and protection

• Circuit breaker: A circuit breaker is an electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overcurrent/overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to interrupt current flow after protective relays detect a fault.

Fig:Circuit breaker.

• Fuse:

The fuse breaks the circuit if a fault in an appliance causes too much current to flow. This protects the wiring and the appliance if something goes wrong. The fuse contains a piece of wire that melts easily.

Fig : Fuse

• Multimeter :

There are two primary types of multimeters, one begins with the analog and the other is digital. The primary difference between the two is the display, an analog multimeter uses a needle to show the value, while a digital multimeter will show the results as numbers on a screen.

Fig:multimeter

• Ammeter:

An analogue ammeter gives a reading with a needle moving across a scale; a digital ammeter has a numerical reading displayed.

Fig:ammeter 

• Voltmeter:

Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage measured and can be built from a galvanometer and series resistor. Metres using amplifiers can measure tiny voltages of microvolts or less. Digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage by use of an analog-to-digital converter.

Fig:voltmeter

• Oscilloscope:

The main difference between analog and digital oscilloscopes is that in Digital Oscilloscopes, the analog signal is captured and converted into a digital signal using an Analog to Digital Converter. The advantage of using Digital Oscilloscopes is that you can easily store the digital data in digital memory.

Fig:oscilloscopes

Conclusion and Discussion: 

We understand fundamental electrical engineering elements. Fuse is every important thing in our life. Circuit breaker saves the cricut. Electronics Tutorial about Resistor Colour Codes used to identify Resistor Colour Bands also including Resistor Tolerances, E-series and Preferred Values. 

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